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Abstract
The increase in impervious surfaces accompanying urban development in the recent decade has caused an increase in the volume of stormwater runoff and pollutant loads flowing downstream to receiving waters. In response to increased volumes of impaired stormwater runoff, there is a growing use of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) in urban areas. As such, there is a need to monitor the concentration of pollutants that enter receiving streams. This monitoring aids in decision-making to improve the efficiency of the BMPs. In addition, monitoring may provide a case for increasing the number of BMPs to reduce the pollutants entering downstream and improving the efficiency of the existing BMPs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate stormwater runoff quality in various creeks in the City of Charlotte and show the associated needs for BMPs. Pollutant concentration data is collected from Charlotte-Mecklenburg Stormwater Services, and rainfall data is gathered from the United States Geological Survey. The water quality data is collected for all the creeks in Mecklenburg County. However, the data and analysis of Mallard Creek, Reedy Creek, and Sugar Creek is used to show the results. Rainfall data is collected from the rain gauge set-up at Fire Station 30 near the Charlotte Douglas Airport. Temporal and spatial relationships are explored with variables including time, precipitation, pollutant loading, and concentration and urbanization-as measured by the rate of increase of impervious surfaces within watersheds. These relationships will help in understanding the variations in the pollutant concentration, and will also aid in recommendations for the allocation of BMPs throughout watersheds. Overall, this work will contribute to the literature about the need for improving efficiencies in location, design and maintenance of stormwater systems.