The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) maintains databases with information on the mixture design proportions, early age test results, and information about bridges and pavement sections throughout the state. Recent initiatives are supporting the development of performance-based specifications using these databases by identifying characteristics in the mixture design associated with an impact of the long term performance of concrete mixtures. The focus is on creating durable concrete, with characteristics like resistance to cracking, abrasion, and environmental conditions. To accomplish this, the analysis performed as part of this work was broken up into two different approaches, one for bridge decks mixtures and one for pavement mixtures. For each side of the analysis, it was advantageous to get an understanding of what concrete is being made, then to figure out how it is doing, so that characteristics that promote better performance can be promoted in new specifications, while characteristics that negatively impact performance can be avoided. Statistical software was used to perform four different analysis types on the data: stepwise regression and canonical correlation for analyzing how differences in mixture design proportions impact how close the early age test results match their design values, and t-test and group differences to determine trends in the mixture design proportions for under-performing and over-performing bridge decks and pavement section over its natural, no-maintenance lifespan.When examining construction tolerances, the majority of the mixes accepted and used to create both bridges and roadways meet the standards created by the NCDOT. Therefore, while examining trends on individual mixture design characteristics impact on the early age test results is valuable, the prescriptive specifications are sufficient to design concrete when only those initial test parameters are considered. When performing that stage of the study (the impact of mixture design characteristics on the early age test results), the correlation values for both the bridge deck and the pavement analysis were not large enough to signify any definite trends. For the bridge deck side of the analysis, increasing the design values of the early age variables (air content and slump) made the target value harder to reach. The results from the comparison of mixture design characteristics to long term performance of bridge decks displayed that over-performing bridge decks tended to use more fly ash (significant at 90% confidence) and water amount (significant at 95% confidence) than bridge decks that were considered as under-performing, possibly indicating that workability may be one of the most important factors to the durability and performance of concrete. The same comparison could not be properly for concrete pavement performed due to limitations in the data linking procedure leading to an insufficient amount of data to perform a full analysis. Several modifications to the data collection and storage process are recommended to allow for stronger conclusions. The results from this study support the importance of data-driven decision making regarding future changes in specifications. The number of bridge decks considered as under-performing outnumber the number considered as over-performing, even though the early age targets are being met, indicating that those test results are not adequate for predicting the performance of concrete over its lifetime.