Compliance to the treatment is a major factor in the evolution of glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that result in non-compliance to glaucoma treatment. More specifically, a Lean Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology is applied to improve the follow-up process for Glaucoma patients in a Veterans Affairs (VA) Hospital in North Carolina, USA. The main problem in the current control process appears to be the low compliance (i.e. adherence to prescribed medication). In order to improve glaucoma treatment compliance and thus patient care, past medical data are analyzed to identify influential factors for non-compliance. Some of the factors investigated include patient age, proximity to the treatment center, presence of a supportive unit, drug abuse history and past trauma record. As part of the Lean Six Sigma framework, a regression model is developed to be used as a decision-aid tool for the hospital and the medical doctors to detect and control compliance issues during the follow-up process.