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Abstract

Biochar has emerged as a promising soil amendment to enhance soil hydraulic properties, particularly improving water retention in fine-grained soils. This study investigates the impact of nine different commercial biochar types, applied at 3% and 6% concentrations, on the water retention characteristics of two native fine-grained soils from North Carolina. The soils were characterized as low-plasticity clay (CL) and low-plasticity silt (ML). Soil Water Retention Curves (SWRC) were modeled using the HYPROP and WP4C data, fitted using the van Genuchten (vG) and Brooks-Corey (BC) models. Results demonstrated that biochar amendments enhanced water retention, with having greater improvements at higher biochar concentrations. However, soils with higher organic content exhibited a relatively smaller increment in water retention. Moreover, the BC model consistently predicted slightly lower water retention values than the vG models. The results highlight the importance of biochar types and concentrations to optimize water retention characteristics and soil performance in diverse applications of roadside soil, agricultural soil, and environmental applications.

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