This dissertation explores the relationship between climate change, reproductive justice, and the prosperity of families, communities, and economies through a comprehensive literature review, a new theoretical framework, and the findings of a new study that examines the relationship between the adverse impacts of a changing climate and the cost of living, represented by increases in food prices, housing costs, and health care expenditures, and the associated impact on declining birth rates. Study results support the hypotheses that indicators of a changing climate positively correlate with increased costs of living and decreased birth rates, paving the way for the introduction of a new prosperity model based on a four-part test to promote, protect, and advance the health and long-term viability of families, communities, economies, and ecosystems through sustainable and responsible economic principles, means, and indicators of success.Chapter one establishes the foundation for a new theoretical framework by first examining how climate change, reproductive justice, and societal prosperity interact with a review of the climate change science literature, including the unequal consequences of climate change based on the health and social harm disparities for low-income, women of color, and the need for the reclaiming of bodily autonomy given who is most impacted. Chapter two builds upon this foundation by recalling the historical legacy of settler colonialism, especially the exploitation of Indigenous women; examining how the history and continuation of consumerism, white feminist ideology, and corporate expansion creates and maintains the oppression of nonwhite women in the name of economic and societal progress; and calling for a reconstruction of feminism and corporate success metrics towards a new model that promotes, measures, and protects prosperity for all. Chapter three completes the theoretical framework by exploring how a modern society measures prosperity through a review of classical economic theory, historical policy approaches to promoting healthy families and communities, and modern corporate approaches to measuring both financial performance; and calls for a new prosperity model based on both financial and nonfinancial performance measures with equal considerations to society, the planet, and the economy.Leveraging the theoretical framework developed through chapters one, two, and three, the results of a new study that measures the relationship between outputs of climate change and components of reproductive justice is summarized and discussed. Using state-level panel data over a twenty-five year period and four fixed effects linear regression models, the relationships between (1) soil moisture and food expenditures, (2) extreme weather events and housing expenditures, (3) surface temperatures and health care expenditures, and (4) the cost of living and birth rates is examined. Findings show a positive correlation between consequences of a changing climate and increased costs of living and a negative correlation between increased living costs and birth rates. The findings support the need for a new model of prosperity, which is introduced based on four market approaches – engage, evolve, enhance, and engage – and the preconditions, benefits, and goals attached to each one. Implications and considerations for private industry and public policy are discussed, along with the need for additional research to better understand the new model’s application to and effectiveness in predicting, determining, and protecting societal prosperity at both micro and macro levels.