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Abstract

Use of force by the police has gained considerable research attention in recent years, however, there is a limited understanding of officer use of force when responding to domestic violence calls. These calls are believed to be among the most dangerous to respond to and therefore it is necessary to understand an officer’s decision to use force to promote better responses from officers and limit instances of inappropriate or excessive force. Using secondary data, this paper seeks to understand the impact of officer age and years of experience on the decision to use force in a simulated domestic violence response setting. These relationships are examined through assessing 64 sworn officers’ responses to a simulated domestic violence scenario, with 102 civilians included as an untrained comparison group. Participants were able to respond to the scenario via using no force, de-escalation tactics, non-lethal force (pepper spray and taser), or lethal force (firearm). Binary logistic regression, ordinary least squares regression and multinominal logistic regression models were used to analyze whether force was used or not, the time it took to use any force, and the level of force used. Results indicated that officer age and years of experience do not predict officer’s decisions to use force. The findings did imply that officer training was important in facilitating officer’s use of de-escalation tactics. Further research is required to better understand use of force when responding to domestic violence calls. Findings hold implications for policy and the implementation and development of de-escalation training.

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