The Siege of Jerusalem 70 C.E. left the city absolutely destroyed with the remaining Jewish population fleeing the city. The siege caused famine, death, and the end of the Second Temple period. With the destruction of the city, many historical documents went up in flames, leaving the works of Flavius Josephus as the only primary source and eye witness of the First Jewish-Roman War (63-73 C.E.). The purpose of this study was to examine the micro-artifacts -- small items recovered from floors or installations of ancient buildings -- using the flotation method, since these extremely small objects cannot usually be seen with the naked eye. The micro-artifacts studied came from the floors and installations of houses from 70 C.E. uncovered during archaeological excavations at Mount Zion in Jerusalem. I analyzed the data from this dig and reported on the results of the work in this thesis. I then consider whether the artifactual data help us comprehend the description of the Roman siege of Jerusalem as given by Josephus in his writings, particularly in The Jewish War. I examine and assess the credibility of Josephus as a historian of the siege and I provide a summary regarding the current consensus on this subject among scholars. I argue that the people trapped in the city did not starve to the same extent that Josephus described. To prove this argument, the quantitative analysis of the Early Roman period’s food remains need to equal or greater than the Byzantine and Medieval periods to prove the people did not starve during the siege. If I can assess this argument, then it will disprove Josephus as a reliable source.