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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of living structures with cell-laden biomaterials has been achieved in vitro, however, central nervous system tissues have been limited by the low viability printing of cerebral vessels, using conventional printing processes. To create a more viable cerebral vessel, reduced shear stress, multicellular, heterogeneous, perfusable blood brain barrier, a microfluidic print head and bioink was designed. Comsol simulations were used to map the theoretical flow profile of different microgroove structures to facilitate the design of a microfluidic print head. The print head was fabricated via standard SU-8 protocols and consisted of two A- symmetrically aligned PDMS pieces. To create a more viable and printable bio-ink, sodium alginate was mixed with highly concentrated collagen (35mg/ml) to form a cell friendly bio-ink. To confirm viability of the bioink and printing process, promodium iodide and nucleus dye were used on 2D disks. Endothelial cell attachment was observed 24 hours after plating. The 2D disk showed high viability of 97 ± 3% after 3 weeks of culture. In conclusion, microfluidic print head design simulation was capable of producing 3D hydrodynamic focusing of water. The bioink was capable of 2D printing process and producing a highly viable endothelial cell pallet. The microfluidic print head and bioink could be used in unison for future bio printing systems to quickly print vessels with smaller size or have the addition of the different cell types to create a neurovascular unit.

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