Racial/ethnic disparities in school discipline have existed for decades (Children’s Defense Fund, 1975), and have had a disproportionately negative effect on the educational attainment, social/emotional well being and life chances of students of c...
African American students, despite over four decades of research and reports, still receive the highest percentage of school discipline infractions (i.e., office referrals, in-school suspensions, out-of-school suspensions, expulsions, and referral...