This study explored barriers of reintegration among Black men who have sex with other men (MSM) who are living with HIV and have histories with the criminal justice system in the state of South Carolina. This study uncovered barriers accessing HIV-related medical care and social service support among this population as they reintegrate into their communities and the larger aspects of society. The study design allowed the participants to tell their story in their own words. The study’s research aims were: what is the process for accessing HIV-related medical care and social service support for Black MSM who were formerly incarcerated (BMSMFI) who are HIV positive, what are the common experiences among this sample population regarding multiple citizenships among subordinate groups as HIV positive BMSMFI, and what are some ways to improve healthcare utilization and social support for BMSMFI. The study determined the need for the development of multifaceted clinically sound approaches that consider the merging identities, and or dual citizenships, of subordinate groups when engaging populations like this focus population, ultimately contributing to the knowledge base for research and practice paradigms related to BMSMFI.
