DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL TOOLS FOR MAGNETIC DRUG TARGETING IN CARDIOVASCULAR FLOW

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Ciero, A. (2019). DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL TOOLS FOR MAGNETIC DRUG TARGETING IN CARDIOVASCULAR FLOW. Unc Charlotte Electronic Theses And Dissertations.
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Abstract

The aim of the present work is to design and develop experimental and numerical tools to investigate the practicality of magnetic drug targeting (MDT) in a patient-specific diseased left carotid bifurcation artery for the potential prospects of treating cardiovascular disease. MDT of therapeutic agents using multifunctional carrier particles has the potential to provide effective treatment of both cancer and cardiovascular disease by enabling a variety of localized treatment and diagnostic modalities while minimizing side effects. A computational model was developed using ANSYS FLUENT commercial software to simulate pulsatile blood flow, particle motion, and particle tracking in a diseased left carotid bifurcation artery using the magnetic properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) and equations describing the forces acting on particles produced by an external cylindrical electromagnetic coil. A Eulerian-Lagrangian technique is adopted to resolve the hemodynamic flow and the motion of particles under the influence of a magnetic field (Br = 2T). The computational simulations demonstrate that the greatest particle capture efficiency results for particle diameters within the micron range, specifically 4µm in regions where flow separation and vortices are at a minimum. It was also determined that the capture efficiency of particles decreases substantially with particle diameter, especially in the superparamagnetic regime. Particle diameter sizes of 20 nm- 4 μm in diameter were considered. Particles larger than 2 μm were efficiently captured at the desired location by the external magnetic field, and the largest capture efficiency observed was approximately 98%. Overall, the computational simulations indicate a substantial and promising potential for MDT as a treatment technique for cardiovascular disease. Experimental tools consisting of a phase locked particle image velocimetry system and in vitro cardiovascular flow loop was developed to validate flow patterns and the magnitude of drag produced by cardiovascular flow in the carotid artery for the computational simulations. The design and development techniques as well as the calibration techniques are described in detail.

Details
Author

Ciero, Ashley

Title

DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL TOOLS FOR MAGNETIC DRUG TARGETING IN CARDIOVASCULAR FLOW

Physical Description

1 online resource (80 pages) : PDF

Date

2019

Degree Granting Institution

University of North Carolina at Charlotte

Abstract

The aim of the present work is to design and develop experimental and numerical tools to investigate the practicality of magnetic drug targeting (MDT) in a patient-specific diseased left carotid bifurcation artery for the potential prospects of treating cardiovascular disease. MDT of therapeutic agents using multifunctional carrier particles has the potential to provide effective treatment of both cancer and cardiovascular disease by enabling a variety of localized treatment and diagnostic modalities while minimizing side effects. A computational model was developed using ANSYS FLUENT commercial software to simulate pulsatile blood flow, particle motion, and particle tracking in a diseased left carotid bifurcation artery using the magnetic properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) and equations describing the forces acting on particles produced by an external cylindrical electromagnetic coil. A Eulerian-Lagrangian technique is adopted to resolve the hemodynamic flow and the motion of particles under the influence of a magnetic field (Br = 2T). The computational simulations demonstrate that the greatest particle capture efficiency results for particle diameters within the micron range, specifically 4µm in regions where flow separation and vortices are at a minimum. It was also determined that the capture efficiency of particles decreases substantially with particle diameter, especially in the superparamagnetic regime. Particle diameter sizes of 20 nm- 4 μm in diameter were considered. Particles larger than 2 μm were efficiently captured at the desired location by the external magnetic field, and the largest capture efficiency observed was approximately 98%. Overall, the computational simulations indicate a substantial and promising potential for MDT as a treatment technique for cardiovascular disease. Experimental tools consisting of a phase locked particle image velocimetry system and in vitro cardiovascular flow loop was developed to validate flow patterns and the magnitude of drag produced by cardiovascular flow in the carotid artery for the computational simulations. The design and development techniques as well as the calibration techniques are described in detail.

Genre

masters theses

Subjects--Topics

Mechanical engineering
Electrical engineering
Engineering

Degree

M.S.

Keywords

Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular Flow
Magnetic Drug Target
Particle Image Velocimetry

Subject Area

Engineering

Advisor(s)

Hewlin, Dr. Rodward

Committee Members

Williams, Dr. Wesley
Noras, Dr. Maciej

Degree Note

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 2019.

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Rights Holder Information

Copyright is held by the author unless otherwise indicated.

Identifier

Ciero_uncc_0694N_12143

Permalink

http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13093/etd:1997